• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An internal combustion engine (10), with a cylinder crankcase (11), in which a crankshaft (12) is mounted; with at least one cylinder bank (14) comprising multiple cylinders (13), wherein each cylinder (13) comprises a cylinder head with at least one inlet valve for charge air and with at least one exhaust valve for exhaust gas; with a valve drive for actuating the or each inlet valve for charge air of the respective cylinder (13) and for actuating the or each exhaust valve for exhaust gas of the respective cylinder (13); with a fuel supply system (15) for supplying the cylinders (13) with fuel; wherein the fuel supply system (15) of the internal combustion engine (10) is embodied in modular design in such a manner that for each cylinder bank (14) at least one pump module (16) is attached to the cylinder crankcase (11), wherein the respective pump module (16) comprises a housing (17), multiple plug-in pumps (18) received by the housing (17) and a camshaft (19), which for each plug-in pump (18) to be actuated comprises at least one cam in each case, and wherein the respective pump module (16), namely the camshaft (19) of the same, is drivable emanating from the crankshaft (12) via a gear drive (21) and a drive shaft (22).
    公开号:FI20195285A1
    申请号:FI20195285
    申请日:2019-04-08
    公开日:2019-10-11
    发明作者:Matthias Söngen
    申请人:Man Energy Solutions Se；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    MAN Diesel & Turbo SE
    Internal combustion engine and modular system for an internal combustion engine
    The invention relates to an internal combustion engine. The invention, furthermore, relates to a modular system for an internal combustion engine.
    The invention present here relates in particular to the field of so-called large engines or large internal combustion engines whose cylinders have piston diameters of more than 114 mm, in particular of more than 175 mm. Such large internal combustion engines are for example marine diesel internal combustion engines or gas engines.
    To date, large internal combustion engines are always internal combustion engines that are designed individually for a defined purpose of application and defined requirements. If a large internal combustion engine is to be newly developed, all assemblies of the same are usually subjected to a new development.
    To date, when a large internal combustion engine is newly developed, existing components of already existing large internal combustion engines are not accessed in order to further utilise as far as possible tested components unchanged. This is disadvantageous.
    Starting out from this, the invention is based on the object of creating a new type of internal combustion engine .
    This object is solved through an internal combustion engine according to claim 1.
    PB05965DE
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    The internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a cylinder crankcase in which a crankshaft is mounted.
    The internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises at least one cylinder bank comprising multiple cylinders, wherein each cylinder comprises a cylinder head with at least one inlet valve for charge air and with at least one exhaust valve for exhaust gas.
    The internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a valve drive for actuating the or each inlet valve for charge air of the respective cylinder and for actuating the or each exhaust valve for exhaust gas of the respective cylinder.
    The internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a fuel supply system for supplying cylinders with fuel, wherein the fuel supply system of the internal combustion engine is embodied in modular design in such a manner that for each cylinder bank at least one pump module is attached to the cylinder crankcase, wherein the respective pump module comprises a housing, multiple plugin pumps received by the housing and a camshaft, which for each plug-in in pump to be actuated, comprises at least one cam each, and wherein the respective pump module, namely the camshaft of the same, is drivable, emanating from the crankshaft, via a gear drive and a driveshaft.
    Such an internal combustion engine, in the case of which pump modules of the fuel supply system embodied in modular design receive multiple plug-in pumps in a housing of the pump module, utilises pump modules which are embodied as identical parts for different designs or embodiments of an internal combustion engine. Utilising such identical parts simplifies the new development of internal combustion engines since components that are already available and
    PB05965DE
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019 tested can be utilised. In a wide range of different embodiments of an internal combustion engine, the pump modules as identical parts can be utilised without a new development of the same being required.
    According to a first version of the invention, the fuel supply system is a common rail fuel supply system, wherein for each cylinder bank a single pump module is attached to the cylinder crankcase, wherein the plug-in pumps of the pump module are designed as common rail plug-in pumps and wherein the camshaft of the pump module for each common plug-in pump to be actuated, comprises multiple cams in each case. In this way, an internal combustion engine with a common rail fuel supply system can be easily constructed, namely utilising corresponding pump modules with common rail plug in pumps.
    According to a second version of the invention, the fuel supply system is an individual pump fuel supply system, in the case of which the number of the plug-in pumps for each cylinder bank corresponds to the number of the cylinders of each cylinder bank, wherein for each cylinder bank multiple pump modules are attached to the cylinder crankcase, wherein the plug-in pumps of the respective pump module are designed as individual plug-in pumps, and wherein the camshaft of the pump module in each case comprises a single cam for each individual plug-in pump to be actuated. The multiple pump modules for each cylinder bank are connected in series on the drive side in such a manner that the camshaft of a first pump module is drivable emanating from the crankshaft via the gear drive and the drive shaft, and that the camshaft of each further pump module subject to intermediate connection of the first pump module, is drivable emanating from the crankshaft via the gear drive and the drive shaft. In this way, an internal combustion engine with an individual pump fuel supply system can be easily constructed, namely utilising corresponding pump
    PB05965DE modules which are embodied as identical parts and utilise individual plug-in pumps.
    A modular system for a valve drive of an internal combustion engine according to the invention is defined in claim 9.
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    With the modular system according to the invention it is possible to utilise identical parts independently of the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine and independently of the type of fuel of the internal combustion engine. In particular when the internal combustion engine combusts diesel as fuel, a corresponding fuel supply system is constructed with the pump modules. When, by contrast, a gas engine is to be formed, a corresponding gas engine can be constructed simply by omitting the pump modules. A wide range of different internal combustion engines can thus be embodied with stock engines in the last assembly steps in an applicationspecific manner. The fuel supply system with the pump modules has no influence on the engine basic architecture, i.e. on the cylinder crankcase, cylinder heads and valve drives. With the modular system, both diesel internal combustion engines and also gas internal combustion engines can be constructed without assemblies of gas internal combustion engines being over-dimensioned, in particular gear drives, bearings, shafts and housings.
    Preferred further developments of the invention are obtained from the subclaims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail by way of the drawing without being restricted to this. There it shows:
    Fig. 1: a schematised lateral view of a cylinder bank of a first internal combustion engine with common
    PB05965DE
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019 rail fuel supply system according to the invention;
    Fig. 2: a schematised lateral view of a cylinder bank of a second internal combustion engine with common rail fuel supply system according to the invention;
    Fig. 3: a schematised lateral view of a cylinder bank of a third internal combustion engine with common rail fuel supply system according to the invention;
    Fig. 4: a schematised lateral view of a cylinder bank of a fourth internal combustion engine with common rail fuel supply system according to the invention;
    Fig. 5: a schematised lateral view of a cylinder bank of a fifth internal combustion engine with common rail fuel supply system according to the invention;
    Fig. 6: a schematised lateral view of a cylinder bank of a sixth internal combustion engine with common rail fuel supply system according to the invention;
    Fig. 7: a schematised lateral view of a cylinder bank of a seventh internal combustion engine with common rail fuel supply system according to the invention;
    Fig. 8: a schematised lateral view of a cylinder bank of an eighth internal combustion engine with common rail fuel supply system according to the invention;
    PB05965DE
    Fig. 9: a schematised lateral view of a cylinder bank of a ninth internal combustion engine with common rail fuel supply system according to the invention;
    Fig. 10: a schematised lateral view of a cylinder bank of a tenth internal combustion engine with common rail fuel supply system according to the invention;
    Fig. 11: a first detail of the internal combustion engines according to the invention;
    Fig. 12: a second detail of the internal combustion engines according to the invention.
    The invention present here relates to an internal combustion engine in modular form, in the case of which, independently of the concrete embodiment of the internal combustion engines, a multiplicity of components can be utilised in the sense of a modular system unchanged or with minimum adaptations. The invention, furthermore, relates to a modular system for such an internal combustion engine.
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    Fig. 1 to 5 show different internal combustion engines with a common rail fuel supply system. Each of the internal combustion engines 10 shown in Fig. 1 to 5 comprises a cylinder crankcase 11, in which a crankshaft 12 is mounted. Of the crankshaft 12, a longitudinal centre axis is merely shown in a schematised manner. The crankshaft 12 extends between a so-called clutch side Ila and a so-called clutch opposite side 11b of the cylinder crankcase 11.
    The internal combustion engines 10 each comprise multiple cylinders 13, wherein in each case multiple cylinders 13 arranged in line form a cylinder bank 14. Of the cylinders
    PB05965DE
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    13, merely axes of cylinder bores are shown in a schematised manner, which receive pistons of the respective cylinders 13.
    A cylinder head which is not shown interacts with each cylinder 13, which cylinder head comprises at least one inlet valve for charge air and at least one exhaust valve for exhaust gas. In particular when the internal combustion engine in embodied as diesel internal combustion engine or as duel fuel engine, the respective cylinder head, in addition to the inlet valve for charged air and exhaust valve for exhaust gas, also provides an injector for fuel or ignition oil.
    The internal combustion engines 1 to 5 differ by the number of their cylinders 13 of the respective cylinder bank 14. In Fig. 1, the shown cylinder bank 14 comprises six cylinders 13. In Fig. 2, the cylinder bank 14 comprises seven cylinders 13. In Fig. 3, 4 and 5, cylinders bank 14 of internal combustion engines ten having eight, nine or ten cylinders 13 are shown.
    Each of the internal combustion engines 10 shown in Fig. 1 to 5 additionally comprises a valve drive that is not shown for actuating the or each inlet valve for charged air of the respective cylinder 13 and for actuating the or each exhaust valve for exhaust gas of the respective cylinder 13. The person skilled in the art addressed here is familiar with the embodiment of such valve drives. As already explained, the internal combustion engines 10 of Fig. 1 to 5 are embodied as common rail internal combustion engines, comprise a fuel supply system 15 designed as common rail fuel supply system.
    The fuel supply system 15 of an internal combustion engine 10 according to the invention is embodied in modular design according to the invention, namely in such a manner that
    PB05965DE for each cylinder bank 14 at least one pump module 16 of the fuel supply system 15 each is attached to the cylinder crankcase 11, wherein the respective pump module 16 comprises a housing 17, multiple plug-in pumps 18 received by the housing 17 and a camshaft 19 (See Fig. 11). For the respective plug-in pump 18 to be actuated, the camshaft 19 comprises at least one cam 20 each, wherein the camshaft 19 of the respective pump module 16 is drivable emanating from the crankshaft 12, namely via a gear drive 21 (See Fig. 12) and a drive shaft 22 (See Fig. 1 to 10).
    In the case of the internal combustion engines with the common rail fuel supply system shown in Fig. 1 to 5, the common rail plug-in pumps 18 of the respective pump module 16 deliver fuel into a pressure accumulator, in order for the fuel, emanating from the pressure accumulator, to be fed to the fuel injectors of the respective cylinders 13.
    In the case of the common rail internal combustion engines of Fig. 1 to 5, a single pump module 16 each is attached to the cylinder crankcase 11 for each cylinder bank 14, wherein, as already explained, the plug-in pumps 18 of the pump module 16 are embodied as common rail plug-in pumps. The camshaft 19 of the respective pump module 16 then comprises multiple cams 20 for each plug-in pump 18 to be actuated, preferentially three cams 20 for each common rail plug-in pump 18 to be actuated.
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    In particular when, as shown in Fig. 1 and 2, the cylinder bank 14 comprises six cylinders (See Fig. 1) or seven cylinders (See Fig. 2), the respective pump module 16 of the cylinder bank 14 receives three common rail plug-in pumps 18. In particular when, by contrast, the cylinder bank comprises eight cylinders (See Fig. 3), nine cylinders (See Fig. 4) or ten cylinders (See Fig. 5), the pump module 16 of the respective cylinder bank 14 receives four common rail plug-in pumps 18.
    PB05965DE
    As already explained above, the respective pump module 16 is driven emanating from the crankshaft 12. For an internal combustion engine in V-design with two cylinder banks, Fig. 12 shows a gear train 21, with the help of which, emanating from the crankshaft 12, the respective pump module 16 of the respective cylinder bank 14 can be driven. The crankshaft 12 carries a crankshaft gear 23, which meshes with a first step 24 of a stepped gear 24. A second step 24b of the stepped gear 24 meshes with a drive gear 25, which is connected to the respective drive shaft 22. The rotational speed of the drive shaft 22 has a rotational speed ratio relative to the rotational speed of the crankshaft 12 that is determined by the stepped gear 24. The drive shaft 22 is coupled to the camshaft 19 of the respective pump module 16 via a flange connection 26.
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    Fig. 6 to 10 show embodiments of internal combustion engines according to the invention, the fuel supply system 15 of which is not embodied as common rail fuel supply system but as individual pump fuel supply system. In such an individual pump fuel supply system, the number of the individual pumps 18 of the fuel supply system corresponds to the number of the cylinders 13. In the internal combustion engines 10 of Fig. 6 to 10 it is provided that for each cylinder bank 14 multiple pump modules 16 are provided, wherein each pump module 16 in turn comprises a housing 17 which receives multiple plug-in pumps 18 designed as individual plug-in pumps. Furthermore, each pump module 16 comprises a camshaft 19, wherein the camshaft 19 of the respective pump module 16 comprises a single cam 20 for each individual plug-in pump 18 to be actuated.
    In particular when as shown in Fig. 6 the cylinder bank 14 comprises six cylinders 13, two pump modules 16 each with three individual plug-in pumps 18 are mounted on the
    PB05965DE cylinder crankcase 11. In particular when as shown in Fig. 7 the cylinder bank 14 comprises seven cylinders 13, two pump modules 13 are in turn mounted on the cylinder crankcase 11 for the respective cylinder bank 14, namely a pump module 16 with four individual plug-in pumps 18 and a pump module 16 with three individual plug-in pumps 18. In the version of Fig. 8, in which the cylinder bank 14 comprises eight cylinders 13, two pump modules 16 are likewise mounted in the cylinder crankcase 11 for the respective cylinder bank 14, namely each with four individual plug-in pumps 18. In the versions of Fig. 9 and 10 with nine and ten cylinders 13 respectively, three pump modules 16 each are mounted on the cylinder crankcase 11 for the respective cylinder bank 14, namely in Fig. 9 with nine cylinders 13 three pump modules 16 each with three individual plug-in pumps 18 and in the version of Fig. 10 with ten cylinders two pump modules 16 each with three individual plug-in pumps 18 and a pump module 16 with four individual plug-in pumps 18.
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    In particular when in the exemplary embodiments of Fig. 6 to 10 providing an individual pump fuel supply system multiple pump modules 16 are mounted on the cylinder crankcase 11 for the respective cylinder bank 14, the pump modules 16 are connected in series on the drive side. A first of the pump modules 16, namely the particular one that has the shortest distance from the clutch side Ila and thus from the gear drive 21 is drivable via the gear drive 21 and the drive shaft 22 in the manner described above. The camshaft 19 of a further pump module 16 that is spaced further from the clutch side Ila is likewise drivable emanating from the crankshaft 12 via the gear drive 21 and the drive shaft 22 subject to intermediate connection of the already mentioned first pump module 16, wherein the drive shaft 22 then does not only extend between the camshaft 19 of the first pump module 16 and the gear drive
    PB05965DE but also between the camshafts 19 of adjacent pump modules 16.
    The invention, furthermore, relates to a modular system with the help of which internal combustion engines can be constructed without the need of new designing of components of the internal combustion engine, namely adding so-called stock engines which are application-specifically embodied only in the last assembly steps.
    Accordingly, the modular system comprises multiple cylinder crankcases, namely dependent on the concrete design of the internal combustion engine in V-design or in-line design, cylinder crankcases with one cylinder bank 14 or two cylinder banks 14 and a defined number of cylinders 13 for each cylinder bank 14, namely with six or seven or eight or nine or ten cylinders 13 for each cylinder bank 14.
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    Furthermore, the modular system comprises cylinder heads for the internal combustion engines, wherein each cylinder head for the respective cylinder comprises at least one inlet valve for charge air and at least one exhaust valve for exhaust gas in each case. Optionally, the cylinder heads can also comprise fuel injectors.
    Moreover, the modular system also comprises valve drives for internal combustion engines. The respective valve drives serve for actuating the at least one inlet valve for charge air of the respective cylinder and for actuating the at least one exhaust valve for exhaust gas of the respective cylinder.
    In addition, the modular system also comprises the pump modules 16 described above, which can be embodied as pump modules 16 with common rail plug-in pumps or as pump modules 16 with individual plug-in pumps. Dependent on whether an internal combustion engine is to be constructed
    PB05965DE with a common rail fuel supply system or with an individual pump fuel supply system, corresponding pump modules 16 are selected and installed on the cylinder crankcase 11 for the respective cylinder bank 14 of the internal combustion engine 10.
    The choice of the or each pump module 16 additionally depends also on the number of the cylinders 13 for each cylinder bank 14.
    Furthermore, the modular system comprises the gear drive 21 described above and the drive shafts 22 in order to drive the pump modules 16 of the fuel supply systems 15 emanating from the crankshaft 12.
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    In the internal combustion engines 10 of Fig. 6 to 10 with an individual pump fuel supply system, a phase adjuster can be employed in the region of the flange connection 26 between the camshaft 19 of the first pump module 16 and the driveshaft 22 in order to change an injection timing of fuel into the cylinders 13. This has no influence on the timing of the gas exchange valves. In internal combustion engines 10 of Fig. 1 to 5 with a common rail fuel supply system, the change of the injection timing of the fuel into the cylinder is effected via the activation of fuel inj ectors.
    With the invention it is possible independently of the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine and independently of the fuel type of the internal combustion engine to utilise equivalent parts. In particular when the internal combustion engine combust diesel as fuel, a fuel supply system is constructed with the pump modules. When a gas engine is to be built, a gas engine can be constructed by omitting the pump modules. A wide range of internal combustion engines can be embodied with stock engines in the last assembly steps in an application-specific manner.
    PB05965DE
    The fuel supply system with the pump modules has no influence on the engine basic architecture, i.e. on the cylinder crankcase, cylinder heads and valve drives. Both diesel internal combustion engines and also gas internal combustion engines can be constructed, without assemblies being over dimensioned. The drive shafts and camshafts for the pump modules 16 are only present in particular when actually necessary. Interfaces of the pump module 16 to adjoining assemblies are uniform.
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    PB05965DE
    List of reference numbers10Internal combustion engine11Cylinder crankcaseIlaClutch side11bClutch opposite side12Crankshaft13Cylinder14Cylinder bank15Fuel supply system16Pump module17Housing18Plug-in pump19Camshaft20Cam21Gear drive22Drive shaft23Crankshaft gear24Stepped gear24aFirst step24bSecond step25Drive gear26Flange connection
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    The claims
    An internal combustion engine (10) having a cylinder crankcase (11) having a crankshaft (12) mounted thereon;
    at least one cylinder row (14) comprising a plurality of cylinders (13), each cylinder (13) comprising a cylinder head having at least one intake valve for charge air and at least one exhaust valve for exhaust gases;
    a valve drive for acting on the intake valve or all the intake valves for the charge air of the respective cylinder (13) and for acting on the exhaust valve or all the exhaust valves for the exhaust gas of the corresponding cylinder (13);
    10 a fuel supply system (15) for supplying fuel to the cylinders (13);
    wherein the fuel supply system (15) of the internal combustion engine (10) is implemented as a modular structure such that for each cylinder row (14) at least one pump module (16) is attached to the cylinder crankcase (11), the respective pump module (16) comprising a housing (17), a plurality of piston pumps (18) received by the housing (17) and a camshaft (19) each comprising at least one cam (20) for each puncture pump (18) used, and wherein a corresponding pump module (16), namely said camshaft (19) ) is accessible from the crankshaft (12) by means of a gear transmission (21) and a traction drive 20 (22).
    [2]
    An internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel supply system (15) is a common pressure fuel supply system, that a single pump module (16) is attached to each cylinder row (14) in the cylinder crank chamber (11) and that the pump module (16)
    The puts (18) are formed as common pressure injection pumps and that the camshaft (19) of the pump module (16) comprises a plurality of cams (20) for the respective injection pump (18).
    [3]
    Internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that each cylinder row (14) comprises six or seven cylinders (13) and that the
    The pump module (16) of the 30 rows of cylinders (14) receives three common pressure injection pumps (18).
    [4]
    Internal combustion engine according to Claim 2, characterized in that each row of cylinders (14) comprises eight, nine or ten cylinders (13) and in that the pump module (16) of the row of cylinders (14) receives four common components.
    35 pressure injection pumps (18).
    20195285 prh 08 -04- 2019
    [5]
    Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel supply system (15) is a fuel supply system for individual pumps, wherein the number of injection pumps (18) for each cylinder row (14) corresponds to the number of cylinders (13) in each cylinder row (14). for the cylinder row (14), a plurality of pump modules (16) are attached to the cylinder crankcase (11), that the injection pumps (18) of the respective pump module (16) are formed as individual injection pumps, and that the pump module (16) for each individual injection pump (18) used the shaft (19) in each case comprises one individual cam (20).
    10
    [6]
    Internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized in that the cylinder row (14) comprises six or seven or eight cylinders (13), that two pump modules (16) for each cylinder row (14) are mounted on the cylinder crankcase (11), namely six cylinder cylinders. a pump module (16) each with three individual injection pumps, two pump modules (16) in an eight-cylinder cylinder row with four individual injection pumps in each, or a pump module (16) in a seven-cylinder cylinder row with three and a pump module with three .
    [7]
    Internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized in that the cylinder row (14) comprises nine or ten cylinders (13), that three pump modules (16) for each cylinder row (14) are mounted on the cylinder crankcase (11), namely a nine-cylinder cylinder row (16), each with three individual injection pumps, or two pump modules (16) in a row of ten-cylinder cylinders, each with three sockets, and a pump module (16) with four individual injection pumps.
    [8]
    An internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the plurality of pump modules (16) for each cylinder row (14) are connected in series on the drive side so that the camshaft (19) of the first pump module from the crankshaft (12) is in hand
    30 by means of a gear (21) and a drive shaft (22), and the camshaft (19) of each subsequent pump module (6) is operable by an intermediate coupling of the first pump module (16) from the crankshaft (12) to the gear (21) and the drive shaft (22). ).
    [9]
    A modular system for internal combustion engines (10) having
    35 cylinder crankcases (11) for internal combustion engines (10), the respective cylinder crankcase comprising at least one row of cylinders (14) having six or seven or eight or nine or ten cylinders (13), the crankshaft (12) being guided to the respective cylinder crankcase;
    cylinder heads for internal combustion engines (10), wherein the cylinder head corresponding to the respective cylinder (13) comprises at least one intake valve for charge air and at least one exhaust valve for exhaust gas;
    a valve drive for internal combustion engines (10), wherein the respective valve drive is a user of at least one intake valve for charge air of the respective cylinder (13) and a user of at least one exhaust valve for the exhaust gas of the respective cylinder (13);
    [10]
    10 pump modules (16) for the fuel supply system (15) for supplying fuel to the cylinders (13) of the respective internal combustion engine (10);
    wherein each pump module (16) comprises a housing (17), a plurality of injection pumps (18) received by the housing (17) and a camshaft (19) each comprises at least one nozzle 15 (20) for each injection pump (18) used, and the corresponding pump module (16), namely its camshaft (19), is accessible from the crankshaft (12) by means of a gear transmission (21) and a drive shaft (22).
    A modular system according to claim 9, characterized by any of the features of one or more of claims 2 to 8.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102018108443A1|2019-10-10|
    CN110360005A|2019-10-22|
    KR20190118513A|2019-10-18|
    JP2019183843A|2019-10-24|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102018108443.9A|DE102018108443A1|2018-04-10|2018-04-10|Internal combustion engine and modular system for an internal combustion engine|
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